The Judgement of Paris - a Triumph of Roman Mythological Narrative and Exquisite Marble Detailing!

German art in the 4th century CE stands as a fascinating intersection of cultural influences, straddling the line between the classical traditions inherited from Rome and the emerging Christian beliefs that would soon reshape Europe. While many names have been lost to time, one captivating artwork attributed to a German sculptor named Justus survives: “The Judgement of Paris.” This marble sculpture, though fragmented and lacking its original context, provides valuable insight into the artistic sensibilities and technical prowess of artists in this era.

“The Judgement of Paris” depicts a pivotal moment from Greek mythology – the contest where three goddesses, Hera, Athena, and Aphrodite, vie for the title of “fairest.” The story goes that Eris, the goddess of discord, threw a golden apple inscribed with the words “To the fairest” into a wedding feast. Zeus, unwilling to judge, tasked the Trojan prince Paris with deciding which goddess deserved the prize.

The sculpture depicts Paris standing amidst the three goddesses, each attempting to sway him with their promises: Hera offered power and dominion, Athena promised wisdom and victory in battle, while Aphrodite tantalized him with the promise of love and beauty. This scene was a popular subject in classical art, highlighting themes of divine intervention, human judgment, and the consequences of desire.

While the sculpture lacks its original head and some limbs, the remaining fragments still exhibit remarkable craftsmanship. The fluidity of the drapery, the subtle expressions on the goddesses’ faces, and the careful rendering of anatomy all point to a highly skilled artist. The marble itself, likely quarried in Italy, has a beautiful translucence, allowing light to play across its surface and enhance the sculptural forms.

It is important to remember that interpreting ancient art requires contextualization. “The Judgement of Paris,” while visually stunning, also served as a vehicle for conveying moral and philosophical ideas prevalent in Roman society. The choice of this particular myth likely held significance for Justus’s patrons, perhaps reflecting their own aspirations or concerns.

Let us delve deeper into the meaning and symbolism embedded within “The Judgement of Paris”:

• Hera: Representing marital fidelity and power, Hera emphasizes social order and authority. Her presence in the scene might suggest a cautionary tale against disregarding established hierarchies.
• Athena: The goddess of wisdom and strategic warfare, Athena embodies intellectual prowess and foresight. Her inclusion could symbolize the importance of reason and planning in achieving success.
• Aphrodite: Associated with love, beauty, and desire, Aphrodite represents passion and sensual gratification. Her presence highlights the powerful allure of pleasure and its potential consequences.

The fragmented nature of “The Judgement of Paris” invites us to contemplate the ephemerality of both art and human experience.

Justus’s sculpture is a poignant reminder that even in ruin, beauty can persist. It stands as a testament to the enduring power of storytelling, the skill of ancient craftsmen, and the timeless allure of mythology.

A Closer Look at the Technical Mastery:

“The Judgement of Paris,” though incomplete, remains a captivating work of art. Its enduring presence speaks volumes about the artistic legacy of Justus and his contemporaries in 4th century Germany, bridging the gap between classical antiquity and the burgeoning medieval world.